Grammar

Teaching grammar is one of the most essential parts of language. Many people
misunderstand grammar as a skill but in reality it’s a target language. Teaching
grammar help students to improve the four skills. They will become better in
reading, they will understand and comprehend in a different way after
understanding the grammar structures.
When students learn grammar correctly they will become great speaker
and professional writers. And as Joan Didion said “Grammar is a piano I play by ear.”,
which emphasizes the importance of grammar for listeners as well. Let’s go deep inside
the grammar lesson to see how much it’s important in teaching and for learners.

To make sure the learning grammar is taking place we have to pay attention to a
major point which is Noticing. Noticing is the prerequisite for intake, it’s the first step
into learning. As a result, grammar should be taught explicitly and directly. Another
point that goes under what do we know about the learning grammar is reasoning
and hypothesized. We have to encourage students to make hypothesis to think
deeply about the structure and the rule. Teachers can use the deductive method
' in teaching grammar where she gives the students examples of grammar tense and
students have to think and come up with the rule.

Vocabulary

David Wilkins claimed that: “without grammar little can be conveyed, without vocabulary nothing can be conveyed.” Individuals need to use words to convey what they want for others. We can understand a conversation with broken grammar and pronunciation but it’s impossible to have a conversation without the use of vocabulary. It is true that vocabulary was one of the skills that was hindered for a long period. Not long ago researchers shed the light on its usage and importance for language learning. Moreover, vocabulary is one of the most important skills a language learner needs to learn and assist her to use the language better and more authentically.

     In order to understand better the task involved in learning the vocabulary we need to look  at two aspects of meaning. The first concerns the link between meaning and the world to which words refer. The second involves the sense relations that exist among words.

We have to encourage students to learn as much as they can new vocabularies
through reading, practicing and repeating the words in context. We should give
students explicit instructions which they can follow while acquiring new vocabularies.
Reading books is one from the most important ways that can help students widen
their repertoire of new and different vocabularies.  

Reading

     Students should read texts that are suitable to them in order to help them
understand the vocabularies and the structure of sentences. One major goal for us
as teachers is to encourage students to read more. The teacher has to encourage students
to read extensive reading which can happen outside the classroom, another way to
encourage students to read is to give them choices to choose the book which they want
to read in the class without forgetting the role of the teacher which is to guide students
to choose the right book. Our responsibility as teachers is to point on the aspects
that students need to become good readers and to train them.

     When we ask students to read they should know the purpose behind the reading.
For example the teacher can ask her students to read piece of article and identify the
purpose of the author and after that they reflect on what they’ve read and discuss it with
their classmates and the teacher.

Teaching reading should be something enjoyable for both teachers and students.
Book club is one method to encourage reading and teachers should use it at least
once a year. After knowing the students well, the teacher can choose a book which
students really will like and she should be aware of the level,length and the topic of
this book. Students will be asked to read the book then they will have  discussion about
it not necessary in the class they can meet out with the teacher an this way will be really
helpful and encouraging students to read.